MinIO

What is MinIO

MinIO is a high-performance, open-source object storage system designed to store unstructured data such as photos, videos, log files, backups, and container/VM images. It is fully compatible with the Amazon S3 API, making it easy to integrate with applications and tools that already support S3.

Install MinIO on Docker

To learn more or explore advanced container setup options, check out the official MinIO documentation here: https://min.io/docs/minio/container/index.html

Prerequisites

Before you start, ensure you have:

Docker installed on your system. If not, install Docker from the official Docker website
At least one available port (default: 9000 for API, 9001 for Console)

Step-by-Step Installation

Pull the MinIO Image:
1. Open a terminal or command prompt and run the following command to pull the MinIO Docker image: docker pull minio/minio. This downloads the official MinIO image from Docker Hub.
Run MinIO Container:
1. Standalone Mode:
  1. Create a Data Directory: mkdir C:\minio-data
  2. Run this Docker command: docker run -d --name minio_local -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 -e "MINIO_ROOT_USER=minioadmin" -e "MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD=minioadmin" -v C:\minio-data:/data minio/minio server /data --console-address ":9001"
2. Distributed Mode (Simulated on a Single Machine):
  1. Create 4 Data Folders: mkdir C:\minio-distributed\data1, C:\minio-distributed\data2, C:\minio-distributed\data3, C:\minio-distributed\data4
  2. Run this Docker command: docker run -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 -v C:\minio-distributed\data1:/data1 -v C:\minio-distributed\data2:/data2 -v C:\minio-distributed\data3:/data3 -v C:\minio-distributed\data4:/data4 --name minio-distributed minio/minio server /data1 /data2 /data3 /data4 --console-address ":9001"
Verify Redis is Running:
- Open a terminal or command prompt and run the following command to verify the MinIO container is running: docker ps. You should see a container named “minio_local” or “minio-distributed” running.
Access MinIO:
- Web Console: Open http://localhost:9001
- Port 9000 is API port
- Login with the credentials:
  1. Username: minioadmin
  2. Password: minioadmin

MinIO Client

The MinIO Client (mc) is a command-line tool for managing MinIO and other S3-compatible storage services. It's essential for free users because it offers full access to manage buckets, files, and advanced features like policies and replication—capabilities not available in the basic web console.

Download MinIO Client

To interact with your MinIO server from the command line, please download the MinIO Client (mc) for Windows: https://dl.min.io/client/mc/release/windows-amd64/mc.exe
For detailed usage and commands, refer to the MinIO Client documentation: https://min.io/docs/minio/linux/reference/minio-mc.html

Running the following in the command prompt or powershell:

\path\to\mc.exe --help

This displays help information for the mc.exe executable.

Sample Use Case

MinIO File Management System (PHP)

index.php - Main Interface

File Upload: Handles multipart form uploads
Automatic Organization: Sorts files into folders by extension
File Listing: Displays all files in the bucket
Download Links: Provides secure download links

download.php - Secure Download Handler

Pre-signed URLs: Generates temporary, secure download links
Access Control: Ensures files remain private
Automatic Redirect: Seamlessly redirects users to the actual file

How Files Are Organized

Prerequisites

PHP Dependencies:

composer require aws/aws-sdk-php vlucas/phpdotenv

MinIO Server

MinIO server running (default: http://localhost:9000)
Admin credentials (default: minioadmin/minioadmin)
Created bucket (example: my-private-bucket)

Environment Configuration

Create a .env file in your project root:

MINIO_ENDPOINT=http://localhost:9000
MINIO_KEY=minioadmin
MINIO_SECRET=minioadmin
MINIO_BUCKET=my-private-bucket
MINIO_REGION=us-east-1

Configuration Parameters Explained

Parameter

Description

Example

MINIO_ENDPOINT

MinIO server URL

http://localhost:9000

MINIO_KEY

Access key (username)

minioadmin

MINIO_SECRET

Secret key (password)

minioadmin

MINIO_BUCKET

Target bucket name

my-private-bucket

MINIO_REGION

AWS region format

us-east-1

Code Breakdown

index.php

Dependencies and Setup:

require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use Aws\S3\S3Client;
use Dotenv\Dotenv;

Uses the AWS SDK for PHP to interact with MinIO (S3-compatible)
Loads environment variables using DotEnv

MinIO Client Configuration:

$s3 = new S3Client([
    'version'     => 'latest',
    'region'      => $_ENV['MINIO_REGION'],
    'endpoint'    => $_ENV['MINIO_ENDPOINT'],
    'use_path_style_endpoint' => true,
    'credentials' => [
        'key'    => $_ENV['MINIO_KEY'],
        'secret' => $_ENV['MINIO_SECRET'],
    ],
]);

Key Configuration Details:

use_path_style_endpoint => true: Required for MinIO compatibility (uses endpoint/bucket/object instead of bucket.endpoint/object)
endpoint: Points to your MinIO server
credentials: Authentication using access key and secret

File Upload Logic:

if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] === 'POST' && isset($_FILES['file'])) {
    $file = $_FILES['file'];
    $filename = $file['name'];
    $extension = strtolower(pathinfo($filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION));
   
    // Folder selection based on extension
    switch ($extension) {
        case 'jpg':
        case 'jpeg':
        case 'png':
        case 'gif':
            $folder = 'images/';
            break;
        // ... other cases
    }
   
    $key = $folder . $filename;
   
    $s3->putObject([
        'Bucket' => $bucket,
        'Key'    => $key,
        'SourceFile' => $file['tmp_name'],
        'ACL'    => 'private'
    ]);
}

Upload Process:

Receives uploaded file via POST request
Extracts file extension
Determines appropriate folder based on extension
Uploads file to MinIO with putObject() method
Sets ACL to 'private' for security

File Listing:

$objects = $s3->listObjectsV2(['Bucket' => $bucket]);

Uses listObjectsV2() to retrieve all objects in the bucket
Displays files with download links

Simple User Interface:

<h2>Upload File</h2>
<form method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  <input type="file" name="file" required>
  <button type="submit">Upload</button>
</form>


<h2>Files in Bucket</h2>
<ul>
<?php
if (!empty($objects['Contents'])) {
    foreach ($objects['Contents'] as $obj) {
        $key = urlencode($obj['Key']);
        echo "<li>{$obj['Key']} - <a href='download.php?file={$key}'>Download</a></li>";
    }
} else {
    echo "<li>No files found.</li>";
}
?>
</ul>

download.php

Pre-signed URL Generation:

$cmd = $s3->getCommand('GetObject', [
    'Bucket' => $bucket,
    'Key'    => $filename
]);


$request = $s3->createPresignedRequest($cmd, '+5 minutes');
$url = (string) $request->getUri();


header("Location: {$url}");

Security Features:

Generates temporary pre-signed URLs valid for 5 minutes
No direct file access - all downloads go through MinIO
URLs automatically expire for security
Redirects user to the pre-signed URL

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Last updated 1 month ago